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Italian physicist, Galileo Galilei, was born on February 15, 1564. He was also an outstanding mathematician, astronomer and philosopher. He is famous for improving the telescope and other astronomical achievments. After his family moved to Florence Italy, Galileo began to study to become a priest. He soon found that becoming a priest did not interest him and he preceded to get a medical degree at the University of Pisa. Although while in Pisa Galileo never completed his degree and began instead, to study mathematics. When studying in the field of mathematics Galileo studied with famous mathematicians of the time such as the one from the Tuscan court, Ostilio Ricci, and Christopher Clavis. In 1589 Galileo was appointed a chair of Mathematics in Pisa with the help of some friends. Soon after in 1592 he was offered a position as a mathematician at the University of Padua. There he met his wife, Marina Gambo. The couple had two daughters in the years 1600 and 1601. The two daughters, Virginia, and Livia, were soon followed by a brother Vincenzo and 1606. Also while at Padua Galileo was able to build and perfect the first telescope. He then accepted a position as mathematician and philosopher for the Duke of Tuscany. From 1610-1623 Galileo wrote and sold many novels that told about his views on philosphy, mathematics, and Outer Space. During the 17th century Galileo was given the nickname of the "Hero of Modern Science". With his telescope Galileo discovered many of Jupiter's moons, and the moutains located on Earth's moon. Galileo was also known for many other things including the invention of the microscope, and being the first "real" experimental scientist. One interesting fact about this scientists carreer was he developed the Law of the Pendulum. When Galileo was at church he used his own pulse to time the swing (back and fourth) of a swinging lamp above him. He came to a conclusion that each back and fourth swing of the lamp had exactly the same time frame from one point to another. The information that Galileo used was later used in the formation of clocks.

One of Galileo's famous experiments was conducted when he heard about the famous Scientist Aristotle's law that stated heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones. Galileo went to the top of the Tower of Pisa and dropped multiple weights of the building and concluded that all the weights had hit the ground at the same time. Galileo's experiment proved Aristotle wrong. When Galileo's father died, Galileo's family went into a time of poverty. In order to save his family Galileo constructed an invention known as a thermometer. The thermometer was the first scientific aspect that allowed humans to measure temperature. He then helped the Italian military by inventing a compass that could be used to measure and perfect cannonball fire. After constructing multiple items Galileo sold and taught a class on how to use the objects to make money.

Some of Galileo's famous astronomical discoveries were that the moon was not flat, Jupiter had many moons compared to Earth's one, and the rings around Saturn. Galileo had a gigantic theory that the Earth revolved around the sun that contradicted the theory that the sun revolved around Earth. Although he was unable to finish to prove this theory.

Galileo believed in the bible and was a religious man, but what he didn't agree with was that only priests could read the bible. Galileo believed that he too could interpret the bible. He was charged with heresy, Galileo was soon found innocent of all charges, and although he was cautioned not to teach all that he taught he never did stop teaching all that he believed in.

Galileo Galilie died on January 4th 1642. After his death society continued forward in the field of science with the father of Science as the hero and beginner of it all.





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