B1,+Mcloughlin,+John,+Johannes+Kepler

**__Johannes Kepler (1571-1630)__ ** Johannes Kepler was born in Weil-der-stadt, Germany, and lived from 1571-1630. Kepler was the first scientist ever to correctly explain the laws of planetary motion, which is shown in his works //Astronomia nova,// //Harmonices Mundi,// and //Epitome of Copernican Astronomy.// With his laws of planetary motion, he became founder of celestial mechanics. Kepler also earned the title of founder of modern optics based on the work he did in his book //Astronomia Pars Optica.// Other breakthroughs that Johannes Kepler made were that he discovered logarithms based on mathematics, he discovered the exact year of of Christ's birth, and he found that the tides were influenced by the moon. Overall, Johannes Kepler made many scientific discoveries that still influence people today.



**__Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion__ ** __First Law__: The orbit of a planet around the sun is an ellipse with the sun's center of mass at one focus.

__Second Law__: A line joining a planet and the sun sweeps out equal areas and equal distances of time.



__Third Law__: The squares of the periods of the planets are proportional to the cubes of their semi-major axes.

 **__Timeline of Kepler's life__ **   **__Johannes Kepler Quotes__ **
 * December 27, 1557- Kepler was born in Weil der Stradt, Germany
 * 1589- Kepler attended the University of Tübingen to study theology, philosophy, mathematics, and astronomy
 * 1591- Kepler graduated from Tübingen University
 * 1601- Kepler took the spot of court astronomer and imperial mathematician in Prague to Emperor Rudolph ll
 * 1604- Johannes Kepler's book explaining astronomy was released, called //Astronomia pars Optima//
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">1609- //Astronomia Nova// was published, which introduced Kepler's first two laws of planetary motion
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">1611- Kepler's book //Dioptrice// was introduced, explaining his theory about the telescope
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">1619- Kepler published //Harmonice Mundi//, introducing his third law of planetary motion
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">1621- Epitome //Astronomiae Copernicanae// was published, introducing heliocentric astronomy
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">November 13 1630- Kepler died in Regensburg, Germany
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">"Geometry is unique and eternal, a reflection from the mind of God. That mankind shares in it is because man is an image of God."
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">"I believe it was by divine ordinance that I obtained by chance that which previously I could not reach by any pains; I believe that so much the more readily because I had always prayed to God to let my plan succeed, if Copernicus had told the true." (Kepler said this on his laws of planetary motion, which were based on the Copernican system.)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">"The chief aim of all investigations of the external world should be to discover the rational order and harmony which has been imposed on it by God and which He revealed to us in the language of mathematics."
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">"The Earth is round, and is inhabited on all sides, is insignificantly small, and is borne through the stars."
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">"Nature uses as little as possible of anything."

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Through all of these quotes, we can see the complex ideas and beliefs that went through Kepler's mind

**<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 120%;">__Interesting Facts About Kepler__ **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Kepler was given the name of the founder of modern optics by devising the eyeglass for farsightedness and nearsightedness, as well as inventing the Keplerian Telescope, which was an enhanced version of the refracting telescope.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;">Kepler’s books // Astronomia Nova //, // Epitome of Copernican Astronomy // and // Harmonices Mundi // influenced Sir Isaac Newton's theory of gravity.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;"> His book // Stereometrica Doliorum // made for the creation of integral calculus.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 120%;"> After the death of his mentor Tycho Brahe, Kepler took the spot of court astronomer and imperial mathematician in Prague in 1601, to Emperor Rudolph ll.

<span style="color: #ff0000; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">__** Sources **__ [] [] [] []